Cenozoic migration of a desert plant lineage across the North Atlantic

Author(s)
Thomas Denk, Johannes M. Bouchal, H. Tuncay Güner, Mario Coiro, Rainer Butzmann, Kathleen B. Pigg, Bruce H. Tiffney
Abstract

Previous paleobotanical work concluded that Paleogene elements of the sclerophyllous subhumid vegetation of western Eurasia and western North America were endemic to these disjunct regions, suggesting that the southern areas of the Holarctic flora were isolated at that time. Consequently, molecular studies invoked either parallel adaptation to dry climates from related ancestors, or long-distance dispersal in explaining disjunctions between the two regions, dismissing the contemporaneous migration of dry-adapted lineages via land bridges as unlikely. We report Vauquelinia (Rosaceae), currently endemic to western North America, in Cenozoic strata of western Eurasia. Revision of North American fossils previously assigned to Vauquelinia confirmed a single fossil-species of Vauquelinia and one of its close relative Kageneckia. We established taxonomic relationships of fossil-taxa using diagnostic character combinations shared with modern species and constructed a time-calibrated phylogeny. The fossil record suggests that Vauquelinia, currently endemic to arid and subdesert environments, originated under seasonally arid climates in the Eocene of western North America and subsequently crossed the Paleogene North Atlantic land bridge (NALB) to Europe. This pattern is replicated by other sclerophyllous, dry-adapted and warmth-loving plants, suggesting that several of these taxa potentially crossed the North Atlantic via the NALB during Eocene times.

Organisation(s)
Department of Palaeontology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research
External organisation(s)
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Vogtsstr. 3, Arizona State University, University of California, Santa Barbara
Journal
New Phytologist
Volume
238
Pages
2668-2684
No. of pages
17
ISSN
0028-646X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18743
Publication date
01-2023
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
105401 Biogeography, 106008 Botany, 105117 Palaeobotany
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Physiology, Plant Science
Portal url
https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/en/publications/cenozoic-migration-of-a-desert-plant-lineage-across-the-north-atlantic(b7a41a5e-b63a-40bf-83e4-524ee8d058a8).html